English translation for "外类群"

outgroup

Example Sentences:

	1.	Due to the saturation effect , ingroup relationships were analyzed without any outgroup species 由于替代饱和，系统发育分析时，没有选择外类群。
	2.	Its sequence of 19 population used in the analysis of its sequences , 17 are from a . agenatoides complex , 1 from a new species , a . jishouensis , and 1 from kalimeris indica B … ）为外类群，对该复合体的11个变种17个居群及吉首紫苑（ asterjishouensiwpliets
	3.	It is also an endangered plant that is distributed only in china . five populations of d . versipelis were sampled from both the middle and lower reaches of the yangtze river valley for conservation study . d . pleiantha , a congener of d . versipelis , was used as the outgroup for this study 本研究从长江中下游选取了5个八角莲居群和1个六角莲居群，以六角莲为外类群，从保护生物学的角度，对八角莲开展了生物学特性，形态学和遗传多样性等方面的研究工作。
	4.	Aligned with cytochrome b sequences from 29 siluriforms in japan , korea , russia , africa , north america and south america retrieved from genbank , and selected astyanax mexicanus , phenacogrammus interruptus , cyprinus carpio and oncorhynchus mykiss as outgroups , which are belonging to characiformes , cypriniformes and salmoniformes , respectively . we constructed a matrix of 65 dma sequences . the kimura ' s two - parameter distances were calculated and molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed by using the maximum parsimony ( mp ) , maximum likelihood ( ml ) and neighbor - joining ( nj ) methods 所得序列与从genbank下载的分布于非洲、北美洲和南美洲等地的鲇形目鱼类同一基因序列进行排序，并选用脂鲤目( characiformes )的墨西哥丽脂鲤( astyanaxmexicanus ) 、断线脂鲤( phenacogrammusinterruptus ) ，鲤形目( cypriniformes )的鲤( cyprinuscarpio )以及鲑形目( salmoniformes )大麻哈鱼属的oncorhynchusmykiss作外类群。
	5.	Three types of cuticular thickening at the polar region of the guard cells are observed : slight cuticular thickening ; rod - shaped culicular thickening and rarely t - shaped thickening . with data obtained from the former research and personal observation , the cladistic methods were employed for the phylogenetic analysis of data and trees were rooted by out - group comparison using , the related genus kadsura . as result , a new system of the genus schisamdra michaux was reconstructed , and schisandra michaux was subdivided into 2 subgenus , 3 section , 2 series 10 species in this dissertation 整理有关五味子属植物研究的资料，补充搜集近期发表的资料和本人研究所得数据，以种为基本单元，选择近缘的南五味子属( kadsura )作为外类群，采用paup4 . 0b4a软件对本研究得出的性状数据作分支分析，重建五味子属的系统发育，修订和补充五味子属分类系统，在五味子属下设2亚属、 3组、 2系、 10种。
	6.	Phylogenetic relationship of the sinibrama species was reconstructed using the cladistic method and morphological characters . c . monglicus monglicus , a . lini , p . pekinensis and m . terminalis were selected as out - group . and a total of 34 morphological characters were found variable among four valid species 用分支系统学方法，重建华鳊属鱼类的系统发育关系，运用外类群比较法，选择蒙古? 、大眼近红? 、鳊和三角鲂为外类群，对34个形态学性状进行了简约性分析。
	7.	Trifurcatum ought to be kicked out from this sect ; ( 3 ) a monophyletic group of x = 11 species was shown in the its tree ; ( 4 ) a . fasciculatum had a close relationship with x = 11 species ; ( 5 ) a . wallichii and a . macranthum had different evolution processes , their relationship was not so related ; ( 6 ) the sensible components of sect 采用邻接法( neighborjoiningmethod ) 、非加权配对算术平均法( upgma ) 、最大简约法( mostparsirnonymethod ) 、最小进化法( mininmmevolutionmethod )和最大似然法( maximumlikelihoodmethod ) ，通过定义和不定义外类群，以及选择不同数量的外类群对所得的序列数据进行分析，重建了分子系统树。

Similar Words：

"外雷宾德尔效应" English translation, "外垒" English translation, "外肋骨" English translation, "外肋骨结构" English translation, "外肋间肌" English translation, "外棱" English translation, "外棱角配件" English translation, "外棱貘类" English translation, "外冷" English translation, "外冷激" English translation