外类群 meaning in English
outgroup
Examples
- Due to the saturation effect , ingroup relationships were analyzed without any outgroup species
由于替代饱和，系统发育分析时，没有选择外类群。 - Its sequence of 19 population used in the analysis of its sequences , 17 are from a . agenatoides complex , 1 from a new species , a . jishouensis , and 1 from kalimeris indica
B … ）为外类群，对该复合体的11个变种17个居群及吉首紫苑（ asterjishouensiwpliets - It is also an endangered plant that is distributed only in china . five populations of d . versipelis were sampled from both the middle and lower reaches of the yangtze river valley for conservation study . d . pleiantha , a congener of d . versipelis , was used as the outgroup for this study
本研究从长江中下游选取了5个八角莲居群和1个六角莲居群，以六角莲为外类群，从保护生物学的角度，对八角莲开展了生物学特性，形态学和遗传多样性等方面的研究工作。 - Aligned with cytochrome b sequences from 29 siluriforms in japan , korea , russia , africa , north america and south america retrieved from genbank , and selected astyanax mexicanus , phenacogrammus interruptus , cyprinus carpio and oncorhynchus mykiss as outgroups , which are belonging to characiformes , cypriniformes and salmoniformes , respectively . we constructed a matrix of 65 dma sequences . the kimura ' s two - parameter distances were calculated and molecular phylogenetic trees were constructed by using the maximum parsimony ( mp ) , maximum likelihood ( ml ) and neighbor - joining ( nj ) methods
所得序列与从genbank下载的分布于非洲、北美洲和南美洲等地的鲇形目鱼类同一基因序列进行排序，并选用脂鲤目( characiformes )的墨西哥丽脂鲤( astyanaxmexicanus ) 、断线脂鲤( phenacogrammusinterruptus ) ，鲤形目( cypriniformes )的鲤( cyprinuscarpio )以及鲑形目( salmoniformes )大麻哈鱼属的oncorhynchusmykiss作外类群。 - Three types of cuticular thickening at the polar region of the guard cells are observed : slight cuticular thickening ; rod - shaped culicular thickening and rarely t - shaped thickening . with data obtained from the former research and personal observation , the cladistic methods were employed for the phylogenetic analysis of data and trees were rooted by out - group comparison using , the related genus kadsura . as result , a new system of the genus schisamdra michaux was reconstructed , and schisandra michaux was subdivided into 2 subgenus , 3 section , 2 series 10 species in this dissertation
整理有关五味子属植物研究的资料，补充搜集近期发表的资料和本人研究所得数据，以种为基本单元，选择近缘的南五味子属( kadsura )作为外类群，采用paup4 . 0b4a软件对本研究得出的性状数据作分支分析，重建五味子属的系统发育，修订和补充五味子属分类系统，在五味子属下设2亚属、 3组、 2系、 10种。