| 1. | The liability of the carrier in huage ru
海牙规则中承运人的义务 |
| 2. | Incomplete fault liability system to carrier ' s liability has been determined in the hague rules
《海牙规则》所确定的承运人的过失责任原则是不完全过失责任制。 |
| 3. | Hague - rules - hague rules being always applied to b / l , it seems necessary to stu ^ y the relationship between incorporation clause in b / l and hague rules
鉴于海牙规则常常被适用于提单，本文同时介绍了英美法下的提单并入条款与海牙规则的关系。 |
| 4. | This obligation includes seven taches in the provision of the hague rules and the hague / visby rules . though the content is clear in literal , there are many issues in practice , which need to be regulated by law
《海牙规则》和《维斯比规则》在条文中将管货义务具体为七个环节，虽然从字面上看来内容很清楚，但实际上每个环节在具体实践中都有很多问题需要从法律上来规范。 |
| 5. | Cmi has been endeavoring the international unification of the law relating to carrier ' s liability system arising out of the carriage of goods by sea since 1907 . the hague rules which was adopted in 1924 started the beginning of the unification of carrier ' s liability system
自1907年以来， cmi就一直致力于海上货物运输法承运人责任制度的国际统一，并于1924年制定了海牙规则，开创了承运人责任制度统一的先河，随着1968年修订海牙规则维斯比议定书的通过，统一的程度有所降低。 |
| 6. | This chapter covers the topics as follows : whether hague rules permit the application of arbitration as a method of settlement of disputes ; whether arbitration clause could stipulate a time bar less than one year ; where arbitration clause fails to provide time limitation , whether the one - year time bar in hague rules should apply
该部分涉及海牙规则是否允许使用仲裁解决争议；仲裁条款可否规定短于一年的仲裁时效；如果仲裁条款没有仲裁时效，海牙规则规定的一年诉讼时效过后，当事方可否提起仲裁等。 |
| 7. | Having this in mind , researching methodologies and ideas of this paper are based on the analysis of general principles of burden of proof in civil law . meanwhile , taking into account the specialties of shipping law , this paper compared the rules of burden of proof among hague rules , hague - visby rules , hamburg rules , draft of united states carriage of goods by sea act 1999 ( cogsa ) , china maritime code and china contract act 2000
有鉴于此，本论文对海运货损索赔举证责任的研究是建立在对一般民事举证责任分析的基础上，结合海商法特点，重点对《海牙规则》 、 《海牙威斯比规则》 、 《汉堡规则》 、美国1999年海上货物运输法草案以及我国《合同法》 、 《海商法》对海运货损索赔举证责任的规定做了具体的比较和分析。 |
| 8. | The structure and framework of this paper set out in the order of burden of proof in marine cargo claim , focusing on the substantial points laid down above which need to be proved . the detailed discussion and analysis keep in line with the questions of " who bear the burden of proof ? when does the burden of proof occur
第三部分首先是对在海商法方面，对国际航运最具影响的国际公约《海牙规则凡《海牙威斯比规则》及《汉堡规则》下举证责任问题的分析，比较了《规则》对各项实体事实的条文规定的异同，并通过各国判例的比较，进一步分析各国司法实践中在适用各个国际公约对案件进行审理时所采的态度之异同。 |
| 9. | The degree of uniformity decreased as the visby protocol amendment to the hague rules was adopted in 1968 . afterthe hamburg rules entered into force which brought about a system of liability which is significantly different from that of the hague rules and hague - visby rules , the pace of disunification increased significantly
汉堡规则引进了完全不同于海牙规则和维斯比规则的责任制度，它的生效致使分裂的进程进一步加快。另外有一些国家游离于公约之外，形成自己的承运人责任制度。 |
| 10. | In different legal system , that is distinct . ship owner , ship manager and shipping agent , taking part in the transport trade , always affect finding the carrier . in many countries , " carrier " means any person by whom or in whose name a contract of carriage of goods by sea has been concluded with a shipper
不同法律制度下， “承运人”的定义有所区别： 《海牙规则》把承运人限定为与托运人订有海上运输契约的船舶所有人和承租人； 《汉堡规则》及包括我国在内的多数国家把承运人定义为与托运人订有海上运输契约的任何人。 |
