4 . the prevention - cure measure for the landfall is put forward 4 .提出了陕北宅基边坡伤亡性黄土崩塌的防治措施。
2.
The results indicate that the stability of the landfall reduces with the increase of gradient of it . furthermore , the landfall is only stable when its gradient is no bigger than its natural gradient ( 40 ? 45 ? . 3 计算结果表明：宅基边坡伤亡性黄土崩塌的稳定性随谷缘坡体坡度的增大而降低；当其坡度不大于自然坡度（ 40 45 ）时，此类崩塌方能处于稳定状态。
3.
2 . taking five representative casualty loess landfalls on the house side - slope as examples , applying the method of limit analysis of soil plasticity and the ultimate equity method , the equation of the stability and gradient of the landfall is derived 2 .以5个典型宅基边坡伤亡性黄土崩塌为例，利用塑性极限分析和极限平衡法，推导出了此类黄土崩塌的稳定性与其坡度之间的关系。
4.
Furtherly , according to their state in suffering force and their modes of initial motion , the casualty loess landfalls on the house side - slope are classified into two types of tension - sliding loess landfall and collapsed earth cave dwelling 根据土体受力状态和起始运动方式，将宅基边坡伤亡性黄土崩塌划分为张裂?滑移式黄土崩塌和坍窑两种类型，总结了其前兆、时空分布特征，着重分析了其形成原因。
5.
It is testified that the landfall happens because of the increase in shearing stress and tensile stress . the mechanism and main prevention - cure measure of cutting the top of loess slope according to its nature gradient for the landfall are quantitatively reformed and simulated 模拟再现了陕北宅基边坡伤亡性黄土崩塌的形成机制，验证了治理此类崩塌的有效措施?建成的宅基边坡谷缘坡度不得大于天然谷缘坡度。
6.
There are two main innovate ideas in the dissertation . ( 1 ) supported by the results from the method of limit analysis of soil plasticity and the ultimate equity method , the author proposes the criterion of judging of stability of slope of foundation of a building 本文的创新点主要有：采用塑性极限分析和极限平衡方法，通过计算，提出了黄土地区宅基边坡的稳定性评价标准，即人工谷缘的坡度不得大于天然坡度。
7.
On the basis of the geomechanical model for slope deformation and destruction , the developmental process of this landfall is divided into four stages , which are valley - side margin ripping , margin slope creeping , the short slip belt being formed and pierced , and the landfall befallen 通过宅基边坡伤亡性黄土崩塌变形破坏的地质力学模式分析，将此类崩塌分为斜坡谷缘拉裂?谷缘坡体蠕动?短滑带形成并贯通?崩塌土体剪出4个阶段。
8.
Leaning over the battlements and looking far down , i surveyed the grounds laid out like a map : the bright and velvet lawn closely girdling the grey base of the mansion ; the field , wide as a park , dotted with its ancient timber ; the wood , dun and sere , divided by a path visibly overgrown , greener with moss than the trees were with foliage ; the church at the gates , the road , the tranquil hills , all reposing in the autumn day ' s sun ; the horizon bounded by a propitious sky , azure , marbled with pearly white 我倚在城垛上，往下眺望，只见地面恰似一幅地图般展开，鲜嫩的天鹅绒草坪，紧紧围绕着大厦灰色的宅基；与公园差不多大的田野上，古老的树木星罗棋布；深褐色枯萎的树林，被一条小径明显分割开来，小径长满了青苔，看上去比带叶子的树木还绿；门口的教堂、道路和寂静的小山都安卧在秋阳里；地平线上祥和的天空，蔚蓝中夹杂着大理石般的珠白色。
9.
By means of the finite element inverse analysis , based on stress - strain theoretical equations of the elastoplasticity and viscoelasticity - viscoplasticity , the change of the valley - side margin stress distribution during original state , the condition of human cutting a terrace of building houses in the loess slope , and the condition of cutting the top of loess slope is elucidated 3 .基于粘弹?粘塑性理论的本构方程，运用有限元方法进行反演分析，阐明了宅基边坡谷缘在天然条件、斩坡建窑条件下和削坡条件下的应力场变化特点。结果表明，谷缘在斩坡建窑条件下拉张应力和剪切应力增大是导致崩塌产生的根本原因。
10.
( 2 ) the finite element is used to analyze the stress field change of the valley - side margin during original state , the condition of human ' s cutting a terrace of building houses in the loess slope , and the condition of cutting the top of loess slope , then the dynamic mechanism for forming of the landfall is probed 采用有限单元法对宅基边坡谷缘在天然条件、斩坡建窑条件及削坡处理条件的应力场变化进行了对比分析，揭示了崩塌产生的动力学机制，从而为人工谷缘整治提供了科学依据。
