| 1. | Title of execution is the only basis for the enforcement authority to take coercive measures
到期债权与未到期债权均能成为执行标的。 |
| 2. | At the same time the obligors share the mature aes suum they are unwilling to exert actively because of their self - interest , which damages the boligees " interest and influences economic order
而对于自己对第三人享有的到期债权，出于自身的某种私利又不积极地行使权利。 |
| 3. | Where the secondary obligor ( i . e . the obligor of the original obligor ) denies that the obligor has delayed in exercising its creditor ' s right due to it , the secondary obligor bears the burden of proof
次债务人（即债务人的债务人）不认为债务人有怠于行使其到期债权情况的，应当承担举证责任。 |
| 4. | Upstairs say rightly , at exercise when debtor idle he is opposite of the 3rd person expire when creditor ' s rights , creditor has authority to apply for a court to charge this the 3rd person direct to creditor pay off
楼上说得对，当债务人怠于行使他对第三人的到期债权时，债权人有权申请法院责令该第三人直接向债权人清偿。 |
| 5. | Where the obligor waived its creditor ' s right against a third person that was due or assigned its property without reward , thereby harming the obligee , the obligee may petition the people ' s court for cancellation of the obligor ' s act
第七十四条因债务人放弃其到期债权或者无偿转让财产，对债权人造成损害的，债权人可以请求人民法院撤销债务人的行为。 |
| 6. | Where the obligor delayed in exercising its creditor ' s right against a third person that was due , thereby harming the obligee , the obligee may petition the people ' s court for subrogation , except where such creditor ' s right is exclusively personal to the obligor
第七十三条因债务人怠于行使其到期债权，对债权人造成损害的，债权人可以向人民法院请求以自己的名义代位行使债务人的债权，但该债权专属于债务人自身的除外。 |
| 7. | On the substance hand , i hold : subrogation rights of debtor is a kind of conditional and statutory content of creditor " s right ; it needs subjective and objective condition , for example , the first debtor ' s should be due , etc ; the result of exercising the subrogation is that the second debtor clears the debt to the first debtor not the creditor
在实体法方面，笔者认为：债权人代位权实质上是一种附一定条件的法定的债权权能，其构成应满足一定的要件，其中包括主债务人能行使而不行使到期债权，债权人遭受了迟延履行的实际损害，其代位债权必须是非专属于主债务人的既存的合法的财产性权利等，债权人代位权的行使结果是次债务人向主债务人清偿债务，债权人不能独占该财产以充抵自己的债权。 |
| 8. | It concludes that the realization of creditor ' s subrogation must follow the proceeding procedures ; the debtor is the third party without independent request right ; the object of creditor ' s subrogation is determined by the aim expansion method according to the legislation principle ; the creditor should quote to prove the existence of mature creditor ' s right between the creditor and sub - creditor apart from the quoting to prove the relationship as debtor and debtee ; and it is emphasized that the debtor is liable to cooperate to the quoting to prove the related facts ; the principle for the debtee to exercise the subrogation is the direct one
认为债权人代位权的实现必须经过诉讼程序；债务人在代位权诉讼中为无独立请求权的第三人；债权人代位权的客体围绕立法宗旨采取目的扩张的方法确定；债权人除举证证明其与债务人存在债权债务关系外，还要举证证明债务人与次债务人存有到期债权，并强调债务人对相关事实负有配合举证责任；债权人行使代位权的受偿原则为直接受偿原则。 |
| 9. | Clause 13 the clause " where the obligor delayed in exercising its creditor ' s right against a third person that was due , thereby harming the obligee " in article 73 of the contract law refers to the following circumstance : the obligor fails to render performance which is due to the obligee , and further , it has failed to enforce a creditor ' s right which is due to it and which involves the payment of money against an obligor either through a suit in court or through arbitration , thereby frustrating the obligee ' s realization of the creditor ' s right due to it
第十三条合同法第七十三条规定的“债务人怠于行使其到期债权，对债权人造成损害的” ，是指债务人不履行其对债权人的到期债务，又不以诉讼方式或者仲裁方式向其债务人主张其享有的具有金钱给付内容的到期债权，致使债权人的到期债权未能实现。 |
