Block designs admitting an automorphism group with an alternating socle 区组设计的均匀性
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Socles of group - graded rings and modules 群分次环与群分次模的基座
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Fixed railway installations . equipment for overhead telecommunication and signalling lines . reinforced concrete socles 铁路固定设备.通信和信号线路架空线用设备.钢筋混凝土制管座
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The first chapter , main instead " duo - ring " condition of " every maximal left ideal is gw - ideal " condition , study strongly regularities of gp - v - ring on this condition . lt is shown that ( 1 ) r is strongly regular iff r is left gp - v - ring whose maximal left ideals are gw - ideal . ( 2 ) r is strongly regular iff r is left gp - v - ring whose maximal right ideals are gw - ideal . the second chapter , generalize some results of gp - v - ring to gp - v - ring , discuss regularity of gp - v ' - ring . it is shown that ( 1 ) r is left self - injective regular with non - zero socle iff r is left gp - v - ring with soc ( rr ) = soc ( rr ) and r contains an injective maximal left ideal 第一章主要将“ duo -环”条件替换成“每一极大左(右)理想是gw -理想”条件,研究在此条件下, gp - v -环的强正则性,证明了: ( 1 ) r是强正则环当且仅当r是左gp - v -环且r的每一极大左理想是广义弱理想; ( 2 ) r是强正则环当且仅当r是左gp - v -环且r的每一极大右理想是广义弱理想,第二章,主要将gp - v -环上一些结果推广到gp - v -环上,讨论gp - v -环的正则性,证明了: ( 1 ) r是左自内射正则环且soc ( _ rr ) 0当且仅当r是包含内射极大左理想的gp - v -环,且soc ( _ rr ) = soc ( r _ r ) ; ( 2 ) r是正则环且每一极大本质左理想是理想当且仅当r是左gp -内射的左gp - v -环且每一极大本质左理想是理想。
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Based on extensive investigation of construction technique history of chinese ancient buildings , the structure method , structure developing history and seismic behavior of chinese ancient timber structure buildings are analyzed in several respects of the structural system and form . through a series of experiments on constituent parts of chinese ancient timber building structure , including the tests on the corbels and brackets called dougong subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings , the tests on the wooden frame using the tenon - mortise joints as connections of column and beam subjected to low cyclic reversed loadings , the tests on vibration isolation effect of friction and slippage between column footing and their socle base , and a series of shaking table tests on a chinese ancient timber structure palace building mode under artificial earthquake at serving conditions , destroyed conditions and reinforced conditions , many valuable results of structures such as moment - curvature hysteretic loops of dougong structure and tenon - mortise joints under low cyckc reversed loadings , the static function , the seismic performance , energy dissipation , vibration reduction , energy - loss mechanism , nechanicalmode and failure mode were studied . aplenty of valuable parameters of the structure system were obtained , such as the natural period of structure , vibration modes , damping ratio , factor of vibration isolation , oscillate amplitude of ineitial accebration , velocity and displacement , magnitude of slippage , and the mechanism of structure failure and collapse etc . based on these research , the complete analysis of ancient timber structure under earthquake were carried out in which including mechanism analysis method , calculating mode , strength analysis of members and joints , strengthening methods for serving damaged ancient timber structure buildings were also taken into account 依照宋代《营造法式》建造了抬梁式殿堂木结构构件及结构模型,对中国古代木结构中的典型构造如:柱脚在础石顶面平搁简支、柱架榫卯连接、柱高不越间之广、侧脚、生起、斗拱等的构造机理及结构功能进行了量化分析和实验研究: (一)通过木柱石础静摩擦试验,测定了柱脚与石础古镜面间的摩擦系数及摩擦力随上部结构荷载变化的规律; (二)通过单柱承载力试验,测定了古建筑中木柱的受力变形特征、破坏模式、及模型材料的变形模量、极限承载力、极限变形等参量; (三)通过柱架低周反复荷载试验,测定了柱架的抗侧移刚度、柱架恢复力特性及滞回曲线、榫卯张角刚度及其变化规律、柱架及榫卯的极限承载力和极限变形、及榫卯减振参数; (四)通过斗?低周反复荷载试验和受压试验,测定了古建筑木构件与木构件间摩擦系数,斗?抗侧移刚度,斗?恢复力特性及滞回曲线,斗?抗压极限承载力及受力变形规律; (五)通过抬梁式殿堂间架模型振动台试验,测定了殿堂木构架结构自振周期,地震反应振形、阻尼特性及阻尼比;按结构分层特点对柱脚、柱头和斗?层上的屋盖的地震反应采用多点同步测量,对柱根滑移、榫卯变形、斗?的变形、复位、耗能减振参数等进行了定量分析。