While the babies may be simply mimicking their moms ' withdrawn or angry demeanor , university of miami ' s tiffany field , ph . d . , and james madison university ' s jeffrey pickens , ph . d . , think that the reason for the infants ' negative affect may be far more complicated 在一个对84个三个月大的婴儿做的研究中,心理学者们发现,对比那些母亲没有抑郁症状的婴儿,有抑郁母亲的婴儿明显的更多出现忧愁或愤怒的表情,而较少的对事物感兴趣。