Lycoris in a plum orchard photo taking in japan 李子园中的石蒜
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Lycoris in a plum orchard 李子园中的石蒜
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Based on the reseaching of lycoris leaf micro - morphology characters by sem scanning , light microscope viewing and using paraffin method in the article , we try to provide the proofs of experiment and the efffective characer indexes to discuss the system and evolution of the lycoris . we find these microscope characers through reseach are as follows : the arrangement type , density and the length of stoma ; the shape and length of the epidermal cells ; the ridge of epidermis ; the transverse shape of leaf ; the number of the vascular bundle ; the style of vessel arrangement of vascular bundle in the middle vein ; the layers of palisade tissue ; the ratio of the thicken of palisade tissue to that of spongy tissue ; the angle number of the middle leaf ; the type of ventilating cavity etc . these characters are different from those of species in lycoris , meanwhile these characters are similar to those of some species in lycoris . so these characters can be used as the character indexes for differentiating species and reseaching systematic evolution of lycoris ; we can divide lycoris into two subgenus by these characteristic indexes : the species of one subgenus are l . aurea ( l " her . ) herb , , chinensis traub , l . caldweuii traub , l . anhuiensis y . hsu et q . j . fan , l . longituba y . hsu et q . j . fan ; the species of another subgenu s are l . houdyshelii traub , l . albiflora koidz . , 研究结果表明：叶表皮的气孔排列方式、长度、长宽比，脊的明显与否，叶表皮上的颗粒纹饰的多少、大小，叶表皮细胞长度、长宽比、垂周壁形状，上部叶栅栏组织细胞层数、叶的维管束数、叶中脉导管组成数目，气腔类型，叶的脊部远轴面的角数，叶缘的形状等这些特征在种间存在差异，同时，在有些种之间又有相似性；因此，这些特征既可以作为区分种的证据，又是研究石蒜属植物系统演化的性状指标，根据这些性状指标，可以将石蒜属植物大致分为两个亚属：一是忽地笑、中国石蒜、短蕊石蒜、安徽石蒜、长筒石蒜，二是江苏石蒜、乳白石蒜、石蒜、玫瑰石蒜、稻草石蒜；在两个亚属中其中有些种如忽地笑、长筒石蒜、中国石蒜的亲缘关系则更近些。
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The classification system among species of lycoris was discussed through morphology , chromosome , molecule . the systematical relationship among 12 species of lycoris has been discussed . the problems in the taxonomical systematics are as follows : ( l ) the results of cytology are different from that of molecule , but results of karyotype analycis and that of rapd are same . so it is seem too hard to divide lycoris two subgenus according to corolla regularity 其中，通过形态、染色体、分子方面对石蒜属植物种间分类系统进行了探讨，在石蒜属分类系统方面存在的主要问题有： ( 1 )细胞学与分子系统学上的证据较为一致，而与形态学上的证据存在差异，因此，能否以花冠整齐与否将石蒜属划分为两大亚属值得商榷； ( 2 )石蒜属植物的杂合体较多，这些种的系统位置仍存在分歧； ( 3 )微形态证据探讨石蒜属分类系统方面研究较为缺乏。
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In the first , the research development and problems in the taxonomical systematics of lycoris were summarized in the article , including the research of germplasma resources and exploitations , artificial cultivation , tissue culture , physiology , morphology , pharmacology , decorative values and molecule 本文首先综述了石蒜属植物的研究进展及分类系统学上存在的问题，包括石蒜属种质资源的开发利用、人工栽培和组织培养、生理、形态、染色体、药用和药理、观赏价值以及分子方面的研究。
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( 3 ) the research of lycoris on the systematical relationship of micro - morphology and anatomy is absent . it is essential to generalize the character inde xes of morphology , anatomy , cytology , palynology and molecular physiology . so we can establish classification system of lycoris and draw a reasonable family tree of lycoris 因此，必须综合形态学、解剖学、细胞学、孢粉学和分子生物学等各方面的性状指标，才能够建立更合理的石蒜属植物分类系统，并绘制出完整的石蒜属分支系统树。
