Based on an analysis of the history and present status of the farmland - pastoral ecotone in the northern part of china , a new point of view was proposed in this paper for the construction of eco - environmental systems , namely , the industrial structure has to be modified so as to make a functional integration between different parts of the whole system : to give priority to a combination between cultivated grassland and in - shed feeding of domestic animals , and at the same time , to employ a new model of animal husbandry so that the degradated natural grassland can be recovered ; to develop a new type of processing industry for agricultural and forestal products so as to create a pluralistic enterprise structure ; to make a better use of water resources by taking advantages of the abundant resources of energy and minerals , and to restrain the expansion of industries of high environmental cost ; to employ techniques of integration management and restoration ecology , and to speed up the process of woodland and grassland recovery ; to make a thorough plan for arrangements of hills , waters , roads , farmlands , forests and pastures in order to gain an integration at landscape level 摘要在简要分析中国北方农牧交错带形成历史和现状的基础上，提出了北方地区生态环境建设必须从产业结构调整出发、进行系统功能整合的思路：把人工饲草业舍饲畜牧业摆在农牧交错带经济发展的优先位置，推行新型畜牧业经营管理模式，促进天然草场改良复壮；发展“绿色”农林牧产品精细加工业，建立多元化产业结构；发挥能源和矿产资源优势，合理利用水资源，限制以破坏环境为代价的产业的发展；推广区域综合治理与生态恢复技术，加大退耕还林还草的力度；山、水、路、农、林、牧统一规划，实现生态系统在景观水平上的整合。
