| 1. | The project found that more than 25 percent , or 650 million base pairs , of dna overlap between human and dog
该研究发现人类和狗互相重合的dna超过25 % ，相当于6 . 5亿硷基对。 |
| 2. | Some gene mutations are simply alterations of one base pair among the total three billion base pairs of dna in the human gnome
许多基因变异是由于人类总基因为数三十亿的硷基里其中一对硷基出了问题。 |
| 3. | By sequencing the 3 . 2 billion units of our dna , the map of our genome offers boundless potential to scientists the genomic revolution
这个基因图谱顺序列出了人类基因组内32亿对硷基的序列，为科学家带来了无限的机遇 |
| 4. | These and other new techniques are expected very soon to bring the cost of sequencing the six billion base pairs of a personal genome down to $ 100 , 000
相信这些新技术很快就能让定序个人基因组60亿对硷基的花费降低到10万美元。 |
| 5. | A triplet of three bases codes for one of the 20 amino acids that are strung together in various combinations to make all the body ' s millions of distinct proteins
每三个硷基所组成的编码，就代表20个胺基酸当中的一个；将一个个胺基酸循序做各种组合，也就制造出体内数以百万计的各式各样蛋白质。 |
| 6. | Researchers can figure out the evolutionary relations of opsins in the various classes of cones and from different species by examining the sequences of nucleotide bases ( or dna “ letters ” ) in the genes that code for these proteins
透过比对视蛋白基因的核苷酸硷基（或称dna字母）序列，研究人员就能找出不同锥细胞视蛋白以及不同物种间视蛋白的演化关系。 |
| 7. | These methods of template amplification and of sequencing by base extension or by ligation are just a few representative examples of the approaches dozens of different academic and corporate research groups are taking to sequencing by synthesis
这些复制模版的方法，以及硷基加长和接合等定序方法，只是少数几个例子，学术界和企业界目前至少有10几种不同的合成定序方法正在研发。 |
