| 1. | Because the beam formed by a tapered coupler is produced by many rays that emerge at slightly different angles, the outgoing beam is characterized by a relatively large divergence .
因为尖劈耦合器形成的光束是由许多出射角稍有不同的光线组成的，放出射光束的特点是具有较大的发散度。 |
| 2. | Brdf of material surface has relations with wavelength , incidence angle and scattering angle . it can barely be expressed by analytical formula , and can only be obtained through experiments
材料表面的brdf ，与波段、入射及出射角都有关系，几乎不可能用解析表达式表示，只能通过实验手段测试获得。 |
| 3. | The origins of dispersion error are analyzed ; effects of initial velocity dispersion , ballistic coefficient dispersion , drift coefficient dispersion , range wind & cross wind dispersion on the ballistic dispersion are discussed
分析了散布误差的起源，讨论了初速散布、射角散布、弹道系数散布、偏流散布、纵横风散布对密集度的影响。 |
| 4. | A mathematics model and its concrete approach are advanced which is an algebraic algorithm to determine the initial angle for resolving ballistic equation set and to determine the ballistic the coefficient and drift accurately and quickly
提出了用代数的方法决定解弹道方程的初始射角的及快速、准确的决定弹道系数、偏流的具体方法和数学模型。 |
| 5. | This formula shows the change of the light transmission with the continuous change of incident angle and azimuth angle of incident light , and the refractive index of the glue and thickness of the glued layer of the prisms . the effect of wavelength is also studied
解释了激光偏光棱镜的光强透射比随光线的人射角、方位角、胶合层介质的折射率及胶合层的厚度的变化关系，还讨论了人射波长的影响。 |
| 6. | In experiment , the alignment and calibration to the monochromator were described firstly . then , a gas - flow proportional counter and the multi - channel analyzer ( mca ) are calibrated by the radio isotope source 55fe , and the dead time , counting rate plateau and x - ray linearity have been measured
最后利用同步辐射光源做激发源，在掠出射方式下研究了si片上不同厚度单层cr膜和双层fe v膜样品产生的荧光光强和掠出射角的对应关系。 |
| 7. | The experimental results demonstrate that the intensity of grazing emission x - ray fluorescence becomes more intensive with the higher anode voltage of x - ray tube or the bigger grazing emission angle , which provide a possibility for accelerating the process of grazing emission x - ray fluorescence analysis
实验结果表明，掠出射x射线荧光强度随x射线管阳极高压的增大而增大；随掠出射角的增大而增大。这为提高掠出射x射线荧光分析的速度提供了可能。 |
| 8. | The article through dividing cannon tube curve to the two main instances of oneself weight curve and hot curve , analyzes the produce mechanism of oneself weight curve , carries through camber and cannon mouth angle calculating and analyzes oneself weight curve change instance with angle of fire
本文通过将火炮身管弯曲划分为自重弯曲和热弯曲两种主要情况，分析了自重弯曲产生机理，进行了弯曲度、炮口角计算，并分析了自重弯曲随射角的变化情况。 |
| 9. | This demonstrates the feasibility of using grazing emission x - ray fluorescence spectroscopy as a method of studying the thin layer ' s characteristics , such as composition and thickiness etc . with the intimately combining of theoretical , set - up and experimental research , the study on the analysis techniques of grazing emission x - ray fluorescence is developed , and the first set of grazing emission x - ray fluorescence setup is established . at the same time , the angular dependence of the fluorescence intensity with different thickness layer is measured . all the work in this thesis provides the basis for the further researches
本论文采用理论、装置和实验研究密切结合的方式，开展了掠射x射线荧光分析技术研究工作，在国内建立了首台掠出射x射线荧光光谱分析装置，并对不同厚度单层和双层薄膜样品在掠出射条件下产生的荧光光强与掠射角的对应博士学位论文:掠射x射线荧光分析技术研究关系进行了实验测定。 |
| 10. | Ii ) energies of the sputtered atoms vary mainly from several to several teens ev , with few atoms " energy relatively high ; the emitting positions of the sputtered atoms are close to the corresponding incident ions ( in the order of angstrom ) ; the sputtered atoms are emitted mainly normally , and few are slantways ; energy and angular distributions of sputtered atoms are influenced by the energies and incident directions of incident ions , but the angular distributions are not influenced by the incident energy very greatly
Ii )溅射原子的能量一般集中在几个到十几个电子伏特的范围内，在高能量区域也有所分布，但数量很少;溅射原子的出射位置就在离子入射位置的附近(埃数量级) ;溅射原子的角度在垂直方向和斜射方向都有所分布，但以垂直出射为主;溅射原子的能量、角度分布受到了入射离子能量、角度的影响，但入射离子能量对溅射原子的出射角影响不大。 |
