| 1. | Since the benefits of the project are received in the future , a larger discount means that the benefits received from the project are less
由于要经过一段时间才能从项目中获得收益，高贴现率表明项目的实际收益减小。 |
| 2. | Carry - over of losses / shortfalls : a variance account will be kept dealing the expected return vs the actual return in a calendar year
损失/亏损的结转：将保持一个差异帐户，用以核算一个日历年度内的预期收益与实际收益之间的差异。 |
| 3. | Fisher effect in stock market means the expected nominal return should equal to the expected real return plus expected inflation rate
股票市场的费雪效应( fishereffect ) ,是指股票的预期名义收益率等于其预期实际收益率加上预期通货膨胀率。 |
| 4. | Analysts reckon it is booking all the revenues from the sale of each handset up front , even though the cash is to be received in instalments over up to two years
分析师认为，软银这样做是把所有的利润都寄托在售出的每部手机上，虽然这些利润的实际收益要通过分期的方式在未来两年里获取。 |
| 5. | While a 7 % guaranteed rate of return may look attractive today , inflation or increased taxes could reduce it to a real rate of return of only 2 % or 3 % further down the road
一个7 %的保证的收益率今天看来可能很诱人，但通货膨胀或税收增加可能会降低收益率，使得实际收益率只有2 %或3 %的较低水平。 |
| 6. | The sophisticated auctions convinced governments that there was money in selling off spectrum , but the real gains came when spectrum , which was being wasted in government hands , was turned over to the private sector
完善的拍卖方法使政府确信销售光谱可以获利，但只有当过去一直浪费在政府手中的光谱移交给私有机构时实际收益才能实现。 |
| 7. | Interest risk in pricing of life insurance product is defined as the loss probability resulting from unfavorable variation of real investment return rate of life insurance capital from policy ordered fixed credit interest rate
本论文的研究对象是寿险定价利率风险,寿险定价利率风险是指寿险资金实际收益率与保单预定利率之不利偏差引起的亏损的可能性。 |
| 8. | The arithmetic mean expectation model is not able to measure the income of portfolio investment correctly as bonds are a kind of successive investment , but the geometric average expectation can measure the income of successive investment
摘要由于证券是一种连续投资，算术平均收益率并不能完全反映投资的收益情况，而几何平均期望收益率才能反映连续投资的实际收益。 |
| 9. | High nominal returns , low real returns , little risk , great oversubscription and high turnover of initial public offerings ( ipos ) are long - standing distinguishing features of chinese capital markets , which damage the market efficiency and the resource allocation efficiency
首次发行新股( ipos )的“高名义回报、低实际收益、低风险约束、巨额冻结资金、高换手率”一直是我国资本市场的一个显著特点，大大降低了市场运行效率和资源配置效率。 |
