垂直: perpendicular; vertical; squareness; verticality; perpendicularity 短语和例子两线垂直相交。the two lines meet at right angles. 设 ab 垂直于 cd。let ab be perpendicular to cd. 当表面与射线垂直时，射线的强度最大。when a surfa
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Vertical elements carry sufficient load through cantilever action to produce cantilever deflections equal to arch deflections . 垂直杆件则借悬臂作用产生和拱挠度相等的悬臂挠度，来承担足够的荷载。
