| 1. | To date , two main genes that apply to the research of family and the classes above family are rbcl and 18s rdna
目前用于科和科以上分类群研究的两个最主要基因为叶绿体基因rbcl和核基因18srdna 。 |
| 2. | Compared with nucleic genome , the chloroplast genome is very small and easily to be manipulated genetically , and the foreign gene is site - direct integrated into the chloroplast genome through homologous recombination
与核转化相比，叶绿体基因组小，遗传操作简单，外源基因是通过同源重组机制定点整合进叶绿体基因组。 |
| 3. | It was well known that studies on evolutions and taxa of species have been more and more fashionable by means of either some encoding and non - encoding genes of cpdna and nrdna or repeat sequences , its , and multiple genes families of nrdna
利用叶绿体基因组、核基因组中的一些编码和非编码基因，以及核基因组中的一些重复序列、基因间隔区和多基因家族等来进行物种演化分类的研究越来越多。 |
| 4. | In this study , we transformed the vp1 gene of fmdv serotype o into the tobacco chloroplast and chlamydomonas reinhardtii chloroplast , and achieved highly expression levels , paving the way for engineering an fmdv vaccine via transplastomic plants
在本文中作者将o型口蹄疫病毒vp1抗原基因分别重组和转化到模式植物烟草和衣藻的叶绿体基因组中，并使其得到高效表达，为利用植物叶绿体表达系统生产口蹄疫基因工程疫苗提供了技术依据。 |
| 5. | In the second part of the thesis , we described that a tobacco chloroplast expression vector , ptrvp1 , containing the foot and mouth disease virus ( fmdv ) vp1 gene and the selective marker aada gene was constructed and transfered to the tobacci chloroplast genome by the biolistic method
论文第二部分主要叙述了烟草叶绿体表达载体ptrvp1的构建，并通过基因枪方法转化烟草叶绿体基因组，获得了3株具有壮观霉素抗性的转化再生植株。 |
| 6. | In this experiment , hbsag ( adw subtype ) was introduced into lettuce ( lactuca sativa ) with the agrobacterium transformation system and biolistic method . we hope to obtain the transgenic lettue with hbsag so that it can be used as edible vaccine
本实验采用农杆菌介导法和基因枪介导法，研究了乙肝表面抗原基因( hbsag )导入可生食的莴苣(生菜) ( lactucasativa )的核基因组和叶绿体基因组，并期望获得转基因莴苣植株，从而建立以莴苣为生物反应器生产可食用的乙肝疫苗。 |
| 7. | To investigate whether it is suitable for biodegradable plastic production , we constructed the chloroplast integration and expression vector ptrv - phb , and integrated all the genes necessary for phb synthesis into tobacco chloroplast genome through gene - gun transformation . the chloroplast transformants showed phenotypically normal growth and were fertile
本研究在国内率先探讨将叶绿体转化技术引入植物生产生物可降解塑料这一领域的可行性(国外仅有日本一例) ，构建了叶绿体转化及表达载体ptrv - phb ，通过基因枪法将phb合成相关基因导入烟草叶绿体基因组。 |
| 8. | Because there are many copies of chloroplast dna and the chloroplast has a strong tolerance to accumulation of the products expressed by the introduced foreign gene , a high level of expression is often happened in chloroplast transformation . in addition , because of prokaryotic property of the chloroplast , the prokaryotic gene can be expressed in chloroplast without any modification and multigene can be simultaneously transferred in " polycistron " , which is impossible in nucleic transformation
另外，由于叶绿体基因组的原核性质，对来自原核生物的外源基因无需改造就可以在叶绿体内高效表达，而且可以将多个外源基因采取“多顺反子”的原核表达形式同时引入，并由共同的启动子控制，既方便操作又可避免由于存在多个相同启动子所带来的“共沉默” 。 |
| 9. | Three chloroplast transformation vectors including pds16s - cat , ptn1269 - bar and psp72 - n5 - bar - n3 were constructed , using ! 6s rrna or chln gene sequence as a homologous segment and cat or bar as a selective marker gene , respectively . foreign genes were introduced to the cells of d . salina by microprojectile bombardment method and a pilot chloroplast tran
3 .杜氏盐藻叶绿体165出na基因的克隆和转化载体的构建根据杜氏盐藻的近缘藻类的叶绿体基因组序列资料，克隆了杜氏盐藻叶绿体16srrna基因部分序列1100bp ，并利用克隆的16srrna郑州大学2003年博士学位论文 |
| 10. | To determine that the integration of foreign genes had occurred hi the chloroplast genome at the directed site by homologous recombiantion and to evaluate the degree of homogeneity of the c . reinhardtii transformants , pcr and pcr - southern blot analysis were performed using the primers of c . reinhardtii chloroplast homologous fragment
并根据衣藻叶绿体同源片段chll基因，设计一对引物对其叶绿体dna进行的pcr和southernblot分析。结果表明外源基因已经定点整合入衣藻叶绿体基因组的chll基因中，并且经过三轮抗生素筛选所得的衣藻叶绿体转化子中，转基因型叶绿体基因组拷贝占多数。 |
