In grasses , the lemma , palea , and the flower they enclose 禾本植物的外稃、内稃及它们包被的花。
2.
Each individual floret of the spikelet is also subtended by two bracts , the lower being called the lemma and the upper the palea 每一朵能发育的花的外面又有两片鳞片状的薄片包住，称为稃片，外面的一片称外稃，是花基部的苞片，里面的一片称内稃。
3.
In my present study , changes in structure and function of all parts of non - leaf organs ( culms , paleae , lemmas , awns , and glumes ) were investigated during a series of developmental stages and in various cultivars . characterization of the culms of lodging - resistant wheat varieties lodging is a potential cause of yield reduction in cereal crops ( crook et al , 1994 ) 其中，比较分析了非叶器官叶绿体超微结构的差异，测量了非叶器官的放氧和低温荧光等生理指标，尝试从结构与功能相结合的角度，探讨非叶器官在提高作物产量中所起的重要作用。
