The nobel prize in economics : bertil gotthard ohlin 诺贝尔经济学奖-戈特哈德贝蒂俄林
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After the theory of comparative advantage was born , it has experienced ricardo ' s theory of comparative advantage which is based on labor productivity and heckscher - ohlin ' s theory of comparative advantage which is based on resource endowment 比较优势理论诞生后，经历过李嘉图的劳动生产率比较优势理论、赫克歇尔?俄林的要素禀赋比较优势理论。
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Hechscher and bertil . ohlin , who created " factor endowments " theory . comparative theory and factor theory had been the foundation of international trade theory into 1980s . the first significant challenge to the traditional theory was " leontief paradox " 一直以来国际分工是一比较优势论为原则的，即发达国家出口资本密集型产品，进口劳动密集型产品，发展中国家出口劳动密集型产品，进口资本密集型产品，通过这种交换，各国都能从贸易中获得利益。
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Its development can be divided into 2 phases : before 1950s , the comparative cost theory by david ricardo and the factor endowment theory by heckscher and ohlin , both focused in introducing the concept of comparative advantage based on a ricardian model ; after 1950s , quite a few new models and theories were developed without a single same basic structure 比较优势理论是国际贸易理论的基石,也是经济学中的重要理论,经过两百余年的发展,大致经历了两个发展阶段:第一个发展阶段是20世纪50年代以前。这一时期的国际贸易理论以大卫?李嘉图的相对成本论和赫克歇尔-俄林的要素禀赋论为代表,其基础是比较优势。
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In macrosopic theories of foreign direct investment , author mainly describes g . damacdougall ' s international investment benefit distribution , kiyoshi kijima ' s theory of comparative superiority investment , r . aiiber ' s theory of money area , john dunning ' s theory of investment development stratege . in microsopic theories of foreign direct investment , author describes stephen herbert hymer & charles p . kindlebeger ' s toheory of monopolization - superiority , teter j . buckley & mark c . casson ' s internalization special advantage theory , raymond vernon " product circle theory , e . f . heckscher & b . ohlin " locational choice advantage theory , john dunning ' s compromise theory of international product . section 3 analyzes current enterprise intemationization theories which involves theories and model such as uppsala international model ( u - m ) , cavugil ' s export behavior theory , international operation driving theory , hagg & johnson , etc . 1 enterprise intemationization network model , rogers ' s the innovating - related intemationization models ( i - m ) , prahalard & doz ' s integration and reaction model , farmer , r . n 在外国直接投资的宏观理论中，主要论述了麦克道格尔( g . d . a . macdougall )的国际投资利益分配模型；小岛清( kiyoshikojima )的比较优势投资理论；阿利伯( r . aliber )的货币区域理论；邓宁( johndunning )的投资发展阶段理论；在外国直接投资的微观理论中，重点讨论了海默( stephenherberthymer )和金德尔伯格( charlesp . kindlebeger )等人的垄断优势理论；巴克利( peterj . buckley )和卡森( markc . casson )等人的内部化理论；弗农( raymondvernon )的产品周期理论；赫克歇尔( e . f . heckscher )和俄林( b . ohlin )的区位理论；邓宁( johndunning )的国际生产折衷理论。
