Here we use renal capsule transplantation in immunodeficient nod / scid mice to identify a human colon cancer - initiating cell ( cc - ic ) 本实验在免疫缺陷的nod / scid小鼠身上采用了肾小囊移植的方法，鉴定出一株人类结肠癌起始细胞（ cc - ic ） 。
2.
To answer this question , a bispecific , trifunctional antibody constructs which can not only target block virus incorporated rca , but also can induce complement activation by it ' s fc fragment were designed and constructed and iv the role of this kind of bispecific antibody in virus neutralization was studied . 1 . to test our idea , human immunodeficient virus ( hiv ) and enveloped extracellular virus ( eev ) of vaccinia virus ( vv ) were selected in our study because of their complex immune evasion stratiges , their threaten to humans , and because both these two kinds of virus can escape complement attack by incorporating host rca into their envelope 以严重危害人类健康，且具有复杂免疫逃避机制的有包膜的hiv病毒及痘苗病毒的eev病毒为研究对象，首先对它们逃避补体攻击的现象进行了验证，探讨了宿主膜补体调节蛋白cd55 、 cd59与hiv病毒及eev病毒免疫逃避的关系，评价了病毒结合的这两种补体调节蛋白作为本研究提出的，通过消除病毒逃避补体攻击的机制来恢复病毒对补体攻击的敏感性，提高补体抗病毒效率这一抗病毒策略的靶点的可能性。
