The supercontinent of gondwana had just formed and was located near the south pole 超大陆冈瓦那开始在南极附近形成。
2.
Eastern gondwana had begun to separate form western gondwana 尽管盘古大陆依然完整，不过可以听到大陆开始分裂的隆隆声。
3.
The development of an atypical hirnantia - brachiopod fauna and the onset of glaciation in the late ordovician of gondwana / owen e . sutcliffe . . . [ et al . ] 冈瓦纳古陆晚奥陶统一个典型的赫南特贝属-腕足动物群的发育和冰川作用的开始
4.
This formation is dominated by a set of sandstone - mudstone dark clastic rock series which belongs to marginal marine deposit at the end of the gondwana carboniferous - permian glacier period 该组主要为一套砂岩泥岩的暗色碎屑岩系，属冈瓦纳石炭二叠纪冰川末期的边缘海沉积。
5.
The iridium layer commonly used to support catastrophism fits into this theory as evidence for the extreme volcanism that would have been produced by the eruption of larasia and gondwana 至于那个支持灾变说的铱异常层，则可能是拉拉西亚和冈纳德万喷发时特别强大的火山作用的产物。
6.
The long isolation in the different phytogeographical units ( i . e . the northeastern gondwana unit and south china subunit during the early devonian ) and different environment may result in the evolution and diversify of numerous endemics 不同古植物地理区的长期隔离（也就是，早泥盆世的东北冈瓦纳古植物地理区和华南亚区）和独特的环境可能是造成众多地方性分子演化分异的原因。
7.
Its sedimentary type has the characteristics of both the stable deposit of gondwana continent and the low energy deposit under coastal conditions , and mainly consists of a set of tidal - flat sedimentary assemblage whose sedimentary environment is related to short - period and small - scale inshore glacier activities 其沉积类型既有冈瓦纳大陆稳定沉积特点，又有滨岸条件下的低能沉积特征，主要为一套潮坪沉积组合，其沉积环境与短周期小规模近岸冰川活动有关。
8.
Thus , it can be clearly recognized that the global continents located at near equator and southern hemisphere , showed the characteristics of range along latitude ; chinese continental blocks still located among the laurentia , siberia and gondwana in paleozoic ; following the fast moving of siberia plate to northwards , the amalgamation in north - south direction at the western parts of laurentia and gondwana , subducted the lapetus and rheic oceans , until to form the uniform pangea in the late stage of paleozoic ; however australia and india plates in eastern gondwana move and disperse gradually to southwards , to extend crust and form the paleo - tethys ocean ; the chinese continental blocks and adjacent blocks still located in paleo - tethys ocean , preserved the status of dispersion , gradually moving to northwards , showed the characteristics of range along north - south orientation , until carboniferous and triassic a series of local collisions happened in tianshan - hing ' anling , kunlun , qinling - dabie , jingshajiang and shaoxing - shiwandashan zones , thus the most part of chinese continental blocks amalgamated to eurasia continent 由此可以清晰地看出，在古生代早期全球各大陆的主要部分都位于赤道附近及南半球，大致表现为沿纬度、呈东西向排列的特征，中国及邻区的小陆块群在古生代始终都处在劳伦大陆、西伯利亚与冈瓦纳大陆之间；随着西伯利亚大陆的快速北移，在劳伦大陆与冈瓦纳大陆的西部地区发生南北向拼合，亚皮特斯洋和里克洋的消亡，到古生代晚期形成统一的泛大陆；而冈瓦纳大陆的东部（澳大利亚和印度等）则逐渐向南移动、离散，地壳张开，构成古特提斯洋；中国及邻区的小陆块群则一直处在古特提斯洋中，保持离散状态，总体上缓慢地向北运移，并逐渐转为近南北向的排列方式，石炭纪到三叠纪才在天山兴安岭、昆仑山、秦岭大别、金沙江和绍兴十万大山等地段发生一系列局部性的陆陆碰撞，使中国大陆地块的大部分逐渐并入欧亚大陆。
9.
The marginal ocean basin ' s formation and evolution model may be as follows : early triassic , rift was formed by extension and splitting in india ( gondwana ) continental margin during it was drifting southward ; late triassic , the rift had been joined in the neo - tethys ocean in the east and converted into initial ocean basin , and ayila - zhongba micro - continental was formed in north of the rift 洋盆的演化模式是：早三叠世，随着印度（冈瓦纳）大陆向南漂移，其北部边缘因引张裂解产生裂谷，于晚三叠世向东开口与新特提斯洋主体连通，洋盆初具洋壳性质，北侧形成阿依拉仲巴微陆块。
10.
The study areas are located in the jinshajiang zone , nw yunnan and sw part of the shizong - mile zone ( jianshui ) , se yunnan respectively , and tectonically belong to the east part of the paleo - tethys tectonic domain . the jinshajiang zone in nw yunnan was a joint terrain between the yangtze and the gondwana blocks , and the shizong - mile zone delineates a suture line between the yangtze and cathaysian blocks 研究区分别位于滇西北金沙江带和滇东南师宗-弥勒带西南段建水地区，构造上位于古特提斯构造域的东段，其中滇西北金沙江带是扬子陆块与冈瓦纳陆块的交汇部位，而师宗-弥勒带则分隔了扬子陆块与华夏陆块。
