The russian army , retreating from borodino , halted at fili 俄军撤离波罗底诺后，驻扎于菲利附近的地区。
2.
We are , with perfect seriousness , told by those learned in military matters that kutuzov ought to have marched his army towards the kaluga road long before reaching fili ; that somebody did , indeed , suggest such a plan 军事学家过分严肃地告诉我们，库图佐夫在退至菲利之前早就应该调动部队至卡卢日斯卡雅公路，甚至有人提出过这个方案。
3.
When was that question decided ? at drissa , and at smolensk , and most palpably of all on august the 24th at shevardino , and on the 26th at borodino , and every day and hour and minute of the retreat from borodino to fili 尤为明显地是二十四日在舍瓦尔金诺，二十六日在波罗底诺，是在从波罗底诺到菲利撤退时的每一天，每一小时和每一分钟就已经在解决这个问题。
4.
Persons who are accustomed to suppose that plans of campaigns and of battles are made by generals in the same way as any of us sitting over a map in our study make plans of how we would have acted in such and such a position , will be perplexed by questions why kutuzov , if he had to retreat , did not take this or that course , why he did not take up a position before fili , why he did not at once retreat to the kaluga road , leaving moscow , and so on 有的人惯于认为，整个战争以至各战役的计划，都是由统帅这样制订的，即像我们每人一样，坐在办公室看地图，设想他如何如何指挥这场那场战役；对于这些人，各种问题就提出来啦：为什么库图佐夫撤退时的行动不如何如何；为什么他在撤至菲利前不稳住阵脚；为什么放弃莫斯科后他不立即撤至卡卢日斯卡雅公路等等。
5.
Persons who forget , or fail to comprehend , those inevitable conditions under which a commander has to act , present to us , for instance , the position of the troops at fili , and assume that the commander - in - chief was quite free on the 1st of september to decide the question whether to abandon or to defend moscow , though , with the position of the russian army , only five versts from moscow , there could no longer be any question on the subject 那些习惯于误解或忘掉任何主帅的行动所必备的这些条件的人们，或许会向我们表明菲利地区部队可在位置及其情况，因而断定，总司令本来能够在九月一日毫不费力地作出放弃抑或保卫莫斯科的决定，事实上，在俄军距莫斯科五俄里的地方，这一问题已不能成立。这一问题何时得以解决呢？
6.
Persons who are accustomed to suppose that plans of campaigns and of battles are made by generals in the same way as any of us sitting over a map in our study make plans of how we would have acted in such and such a position , will be perplexed by questions why kutuzov , if he had to retreat , did not take this or that course , why he did not take up a position before fili , why he did not at once retreat to the kaluga road , leaving moscow , and so on 有的人惯于认为，整个战争以至各战役的计划，都是由统帅这样制订的，即像我们每人一样，坐在办公室看地图，设想他如何如何指挥这场那场战役对于这些人，各种问题就提出来啦：为什么库图佐夫撤退时的行动不如何如何为什么他在撤至菲利前不稳住阵脚为什么放弃莫斯科后他不立即撤至卡卢日斯卡雅公路等等。
7.
The third point , most difficult of all to understand , is that students of history seem intentionally to refuse to see that this march cannot be ascribed to any one man , that no one foresaw it at any time , that , like the retreat to fili , the manuvre was , in reality , never conceived of by any one in its entirety , but arose step by step , incident by incident , moment by moment from a countless multitude of the most diverse circumstances , and is only conceived of in its entirety , when it is an accomplished fact , and has become the past 第三，令人最难以理解的是，研究历史的人故意不愿看见，这次侧翼进举不能归功于任何一个人，在任何时候都没有任何一个人对它有所预见，从菲利的撤退也和它完全一样，在任何时候都没有任何一个人看清楚它的全貌，它是由无数的各种各样的条件一步一步地一个事件接着一个事件随着时间的推移逐渐显露出来的，只有当它已经完成和已经成为过去的时候，它的全貌才呈现出来。
8.
The third point , most difficult of all to understand , is that students of history seem intentionally to refuse to see that this march cannot be ascribed to any one man , that no one foresaw it at any time , that , like the retreat to fili , the man ? uvre was , in reality , never conceived of by any one in its entirety , but arose step by step , incident by incident , moment by moment from a countless multitude of the most diverse circumstances , and is only conceived of in its entirety , when it is an accomplished fact , and has become the past 第三，令人最难以理解的是，研究历史的人故意不愿看见，这次侧翼进举不能归功于任何一个人，在任何时候都没有任何一个人对它有所预见，从菲利的撤退也和它完全一样，在任何时候都没有任何一个人看清楚它的全貌，它是由无数的各种各样的条件一步一步地、一个事件接着一个事件、随着时间的推移逐渐显露出来的，只有当它已经完成和已经成为过去的时候，它的全貌才呈现出来。
9.
But all this was only talk : in reality even though the council at fili , at which it was decided to abandon moscow , had not yet taken place , allthose who were leaving and those who were stayingfelt that moscow would be surrendered , though they did not say so freely , and felt that they must make all haste to escape , and to save their property 但这一切不过是传闻而已，而实际上呢，无论是走还是留下的人其实，决定放弃莫斯科的菲利军事会议尚未召开，通通明白，尽管嘴上不说，莫斯科必将陷落，应该尽快打点行装，保住自己的财产。
