| 1. | 1766 bc shang dynasty - the shang dynasty replaced the xia in 1766
公元前1766年-商朝： 1766年商朝替换了夏。 |
| 2. | The shang dynasty saw the discovery of bronze and the practice of sericulture
商朝时发现了青铜，开始学会养蚕。 |
| 3. | These are ancient shang dynasty bronzes ， usually ritual vessels
这些都是古代商朝的青铜器，一般都是举行仪典用的器皿。 |
| 4. | According to historical materials , traders appear first from china and in shang dynasty there were traders
据史料记载，行商和坐商都最早出现于我国，在商朝就有了商人和商业活动。 |
| 5. | During the last years of the shang dynasty , demons ran wild on the land , plunging the people into endless misery and suffering
相传北帝又名玄天上帝，是商朝(约三千年前)的一名王子。 |
| 6. | Pak tai was appointed the commander to lead twelve troops from heaven to fight the demons and finally won the battle
商朝末年，魔王横行天下，生灵涂炭，元始天尊即命令玉帝派遣北帝统领十二天军下凡讨伐魔王。 |
| 7. | A vassal state under the shang , zhou gained sufficient strength to challenge the dynasty owing to its good governance over the years
周虽然是商的属国，但由于历代君主的苦心经营，到商朝末年它已经有了足以同商相抗衡的实力。 |
| 8. | Jade is sacred to the chinese and the mayans . it is said to bless everything it touches and to invoke wisdom , peace , and harmony
商朝就已经使用墨玉牙璋来传达国王的命令，在有文字记载的周朝公元前11世纪前256年已开始用玉做工具。 |
| 9. | Chinese had mastered the technology of smelting bronze approximately 5 , 000 years ago and iron tools came into use during the shang dynasty , 3 , 000 years ago
中国人大约5000年前已掌握了铜的冶炼技术，铁制工具在3000年前的商朝开始使用。 |
| 10. | Tang , the chief of the tribe shang took advantage of this situation to overthrow the xia dynasty and established the shang dynasty in the early 17th century bc
部落商的领袖汤利用这个形势，推翻了夏朝，并在公元前十七世纪早期建立了商朝。 |
