The process parameters of electric upsetting include : velocities of upsetting cylinder and anvil cylinder , heating current , preheating length and time , etc . because different materials have different mechanical , electric and thermal characteristics , and there are effects between different parameters , the determination of those parameters becomes a complex problem 电热镦粗成形过程的工艺参数主要包括镦粗缸活塞运动速度、砧子缸活塞运动速度、镦粗压力、加热电流和预热长度等。这些参数的选择是一个复杂的问题，其复杂性不仅在于不同的材料具有不同的力学、电和热传导特性，而且各参数相互影响、相互制约。
