| 1. | Approximate formula for normal water depth of u - type channel
形渠道正常水深的近似计算公式 |
| 2. | Approximate formulae to calculate contact ratio of epicycloids bevel gears
摆线齿锥齿轮重合度的近似计算 |
| 3. | By combining the linearization of the governing equation with the method of harmonic balance , we have established analytical approximate formulas for the period and the periodic solution
将控制方程的线性化与调和平衡法组合起来，建立周期及周期解的解析逼近公式。 |
| 4. | The approximate formula is : the initial bounding rectangle is inflated by pen width , and this result is multiplied by the miter limit , plus some additional margin to allow for end caps
近似公式为：初始边框按钢笔宽度扩充，结果乘以斜接限制，再加上用以容纳端帽的一些附加边距。 |
| 5. | Thermal contact resistance is calculated by fem . the triangular model is considered more precise when its control angle equals 30 and an approximate formula is provided for calculation of the thermal contact resistance by comparing computation models
本文采用有限单元法数值计算接触热阻，提出控制角为30的三角形模型具有较高的精度，给出接触热阻的近似计算公式，并分析了表面粗糙度对接触热阻的影响。 |
| 6. | Calculation with the approximate formula has good agreement with the experimental results and will be a practical design method . based on its mechanical characteristics , we also probed into the issues of bonding one - way slabs and compared them with the common strengthening beams with frp
结合试验和实际工程例子，文中对理论计算结果与试验数据进行了对比分析，两者基本吻合，且计算结果偏于安全，可用于实际加固时极限承载力的设计使用。 |
| 7. | The current approaches including code methods to calculate stress losses due to anchorage set exist several shortcoming , such as unsuitable to different profiles of tendons or very complicated to compute due to sectional analysis . based on classical theory of friction when tendons are stretched in post - tensioned concrete members , the unified method to calculate the stress losses in tendons due to anchorage set while considering the affection of reverse friction has been established , these formulae are suitable to be used in computer ; also approximate formulae are produced which are suitable to manual computation , they are easy to be applied in research or design
针对目前预应力钢筋锚固时钢筋回缩引起的预应力损失计算方法中存在的问题，建立了考虑反摩阻影响的后张法预应力混凝土桥梁锚固损失的统一计算式，适用于任意形状的预应力钢筋和单、双端张拉的情形；给出了适于机算的理论公式和适于手算的近似计算式，可方便地应用于研究和工程实践。 |
| 8. | It ' s the first time clearly and systematically to present the concepts of restraint influence coefficient of steel to strain increment , to curvature increment and to deflection increment due to creep which are different each other . theoretical formulae are established , and approximate formulae are also obtained while considering the characteristics of common - used concrete and ambient condition of real bridges in china . so , an approximate restraint influence coefficient method to analyze the effect due to creep and shrinkage in pc bridges is put forward , and the equations to estimate second - force due to creep considering influence of steel in system - transferred continuous pc bridges is also established
本文首次清晰而系统地提出了钢筋对徐变的不同效应(徐变应变、徐变曲率、徐变上拱)约束影响系数的概念，建立了相应的计算式；结合我国普遍采用的混凝土的徐变特性和桥梁的构造特点及工作中南大学博士学位论文摘要环境特征，给出了具有较高计算精度的实用计算式;在此基础上，建立了桥梁徐变效应近似分析的钢筋约束影响系数法，并推导出了考虑钢筋影响的超静定梁徐变次内力的近似计算式，可方便地应用于桥梁研究和设计中。 |
| 9. | In addition , the approximate formula for coefficient k p , ki , kd is also suggested by using characteristic index of forecast control . finally , through emulation , the fractional - order pi ~ d ~ arithmetic is compared with the integer - order pid arithmetic . the availability of the strategies and stability of systems are proved by doing some analysis and simulation
然后利用根轨迹的方法分析了拥塞控制系统的稳定性,并在此基础之上采用广义预测控制方法所应用的特性指标求出了k _ p , k _ i , k _ d的近似计算公式。 |
| 10. | Abstract : a new waveguide which can change the wide wall of a rectangular waveguide into a symmetric arc wall is named as a cam - rectangular waveguide . comparing to sectoral waveguide , the new waveguide has the same voltage characteristics and is easier to be produced and fixed . an approximate formula of the dominant mode fields and the normalized conductance of a longitudinal resonant slot cut in the curved wall of a cam - rectangular waveguide are given . a resonant slot linear array in c & x band is designed , in which the slot voltage distribution is equiphase and the input is matched . the input voltage stationary ware ratio and the h - plane pattern of the antenna are measured . the experimental results show the conformance with theoretical results
文摘:把常用的矩形波导一个宽面改成圆弧形构成的波导称为圆突-矩形波导.这种波导与扇面波导相比：电性能相当；波导管结构更加简单，容易加工，便于安装.文中给出圆突-矩形波导中主模场，圆曲面上纵向槽归一化谐振电导近似公式.设计了c和x波段波导曲面纵向谐振缝隙线阵，缝隙电压相位为同相分布，输入端匹配.实际测量了天线输入端电压驻波比和h面方向图，理论与实验相吻合 |
