集中资本 meaning in English
pooling of capital
Examples
- On the basis of the above summary the creativities of the sharing systems of the shanxi merchants are discussed : ( 1 ) concentrating capital was the result of the average division in the form of organizing capital not the foremost motivation , witch was in fact in order to ensure the rights and benefits of shareholders ; ( 2 ) introducing labor - sharing system was the measure which the shanxi merchants adopt to the rise of the price of labor factor relative to that of capital factor in qing dynasty ; the labor - sharing system promoted the increase of profits of the shanxi merchants " enterprises greatly . however , that effectiveness came into existence only in normal condition . if enterprises were into the red or drawing near bankruptcy the labor - sharing system would otherwise steep up the decline of the enterprises
在此基础上，对晋商股份制的上述创新进行了讨论：集中资本是资本股份化的结果，而不是最初动因，内在动因是维护股东权益；在收益股份化的基础上，引入顶身股制是清代晋商企业应对劳动要素价值相对提高的举措；顶身股制极大地促进了晋商企业利润的增加，但这仅限于企业处于正常经营状态时，当企业面临亏损或濒临倒闭，顶身股制反而会加速企业的衰亡；晋商产权制度创新(包括产权结构、组织结构的创新)迫于清代晋商企业的内外部条件变化，具体形式的产权制度是创新主体面对环境变化从成本收益角度出发仔细斟酌、权衡的结果。