表面径流 meaning in English
overland flow
overland folw
overland runoff
overlandflow
overlandfolw
surface running fluid
Examples
- 4 ) numerical simulation running of surface runoff shows simulation results presented the general features of surface runoff generation , and certain efficiency . after adjusting the input parameters , the simulation results show a good meet to the observed data
4 ）表面径流的数值模拟能揭示表面产流的一般趋势，而且有一定的有效性，通过调整模拟输入参数，能使模拟达较理想程度。 - When soil antecedent condition is dry and the initial rainfall intensity is high , peak surface runoff also considerably lag behind that of rainfall , because of the formation of temporary relative impermeable top layer ; b ) surface runoff is controlled primarily by infiltration - excess runoff mechanism under unsaturated condition ; the major fraction of surface runoff are dominated by saturated infiltration - excess runoff response , only a small fraction by return flow mechanism when soil is saturated ; c ) subsurface flow is dominated by saturated runoff mechanism , and the duration of subsurface post the rainfall end is dependent upon rather the soil properties than the rainfall characteristics ; d ) subsurface flow intensity in cultivated soil layer ( 0 ~ 20cm ) is high up to 35mm / h when rainfall intensity is up to 120mm / h , indicating the existing of macropores and pipe flow in cultivated layer
2 )耕作制下紫色土的产流主要机制是： 1 )当雨前土壤含水量未达到饱和状态时，表面产流起始时间有明显滞后现象，这与紫色土的快吸水性和较多非毛管孔隙密切相关；当雨前土壤较干燥，降雨初期雨强较大时，易形成临时相对不透水表层，表面产流峰也有明显滞后现象。 2 )表面径流的产流方式主要是超渗产流，当土壤达到饱和状态后，有四川大学博士学位论文小部分回归流发生，但主要是饱和超渗产流发生，因为紫色土的相对不透水层和其它透水障碍层不明显。 3 ）壤中流主要是饱和产流，与降雨过程有明显的滞后，而且雨停后的壤中流产流历时与降雨特征无关。 - The objectives of this study were : i ) to understand the mechanism of applying polyacrylamide ( pam ) to control crust formation , to increase infiltration and reduce soil erosion ; and ii ) to quantify the dynamics of soil erosion processes with rare earth elements ( ree ) tracers
本文的目的是研究利用聚丙烯酰胺( pam )作为土壤改良剂来抑制土壤表面结皮，增加降水入渗，减少土壤表面径流，降低土壤侵蚀；同时采用稀土元素( ree )示踪土壤侵蚀的动态过程，研究土壤侵蚀的动力学机理。