生长趋势 meaning in English
growth trend
Examples
- When the ph of acid liquid and supernatants was adjusted to 7 , there was no influence on growth trend of salmonella . but the amounts of salmonella in different growth stage were lower than the corresponding stage of the controlled group
将酸液和上清液的ph调至7后，对沙门氏菌的生长趋势无影响，但各阶段菌数均低于对照组。 - The second chapter studies the economy of ship ' s power plants , based on the aspects of lowering fuel cost , waste heat recovery , the match of ship , machinery and propeller , increasing propulsion efficiency , increasing the economy of ship ' s power plants , etc . the third chapter discusses in detail the control measures of voyage change cost , analysizes systematically the voyage change cost based on the way of fuel cost , harbor cost , voyage venture cost . the fourth chapter studies the structures and control measures of seafarers cost , maintenance cost , spare parts and stores cost , lubricating oil cost , etc . which are relatively easy to be controlled ; based on the state maintenance decision - making , a mathematical model is put forward , the validity and its solve process are discussed . the control measures of spare parts , fuel cost and lubricating oil cost should be based on scientific budget , through the control means of application , reception , usage , store check , try to acquire the inosculation of theory
第一章主要讨论营运船舶运输成本，对船舶运输成本的概念、结构、性质与分摊、成本细分进行了分析，从宏观上阐明了船舶运输成本的生存环境和生长趋势；第二章研究了船舶动力装置的经济性，在营运船舶降低油耗、废热利用、船机桨匹配、提高推进效率、提高船舶动力装置经济性的有效途径等方面进行了阐述和论证；第三章详细论述并论证了航次变动成本的控制措施，全面系统地分析和总结了航次变动成本，通过对燃油成本、港口使费、航次风险成本的分析与控制，提出了航次风险成本的概念并论述了若干航次风险成本的控制措施；第四章对船舶营运成本中的船员费用控制、维修保养及其费用控制、船舶备件物料管理及其费用控制等几个主要可控性较高的成本进行了细致的分析并分别讨论了相互的控制措施，提出了基于状态维修决策的马尔可夫数学模型并论证了模型的正确性及具体解算步骤，对于备件、燃润物料的控制坚持以科学的预算为前提，以申领、接收、使用、盘存为控制环节，切实做到理论与实践的密切结合；第五章，结合营运成本的预核算的案例，对船舶营运成本的预算及核算进行了有益的探讨，旨在揭示成本发生的动因，并给出了成本预算、核算的编制方法。 - The thesis consist of six chapters and based on the way of propose the question , analysis , then get the solution . it discussed and recognized what the ship transportation cost was in chapter one ; studied the environment and growing trend of the cost in chapter two ; fully discussed and demonstrated the voyage variable costs and controlling method , proposed a mathematic decision model of fuel supplying and get through the validation , proposed the concept of risking cost and addressing many controlling measures to it in chapter three ; discussed a certain running costs , proposed and validated a mathematic model of condition - based maintenance , and put forward many practical controlling method of running costs such as crew payment , repairs , spare parts , stores and lub oils in chapter four ; combining a case of monthly running cost budget and verification , performed a useful learning on running cost budget , forecast and verification in chapter five ; finally fully studied the method of cost - calculating and benefit - analyzing of time chartering container ships on a proposed route
第一章主要讨论并认清什么是船舶运输成本；第二章研究了船舶运输成本的生存环境和生长趋势；第三章详细论述并论证了航次变动成本的控制措施，提出了燃油补给方案的决策模型并给出了模型的验证过程，提出了航次风险成本的概念并论述了若干航次风险成本的控制措施；第四章对船舶营运成本中的船员费用、维修保养费用、备件、润物料费用等几个主要的可控性较高的成本进行了细致的分析并分别讨论了相应的控制措施，提出了基于状态维修决策的数学模型并论证了模型的正确性及具体解算步骤，对于备件、润物料的控制坚持以科学的预算为前提，以申领、接收、使用、盘存为控制环节，切实做到理论与实践的密切结合；第五章结合营运成本的预核算的案例，对船舶运输营运成本的预算及核算进行了有益的探讨；第六章结合具体案例对期租班轮的成本测算与效益分析方法进行了细致的研究。