壤中流 meaning in English
prompt subsurface flow
Examples
- Effect of pipe flow on interflow on granite slope in three gorges area of yangtze river
长江三峡花岗岩坡面管流在壤中流中的作用 - On the development process , the rills were influenced by rainfall runoff on slope , but the sockets were the result of the long - term repetitious action of rainfall and runoff and subsurface flow
在发展过程上，前者受降雨径流侵蚀作用时间集中；后者是在长期多次降雨形成地面径流和壤中流侵蚀的共同作用下，逐渐发展起来。 - On the formation mechanism , the rills were mainly formed by the concentrated action of the runoff on dyke slope , while the formation of socket mainly depended on surface runoff , subsurface flow and the existing defects within the dykes such as crack , mouse hole , fox and brocks dens
在成因上，前者主要是降雨形成超渗地面径流的集中对戗坡的侵蚀作用而形成；后者主要与坡面径流、壤中流，以及土堤的薄弱点(如裂缝、鼠洞、狐1一灌洞等）有关。 - When soil antecedent condition is dry and the initial rainfall intensity is high , peak surface runoff also considerably lag behind that of rainfall , because of the formation of temporary relative impermeable top layer ; b ) surface runoff is controlled primarily by infiltration - excess runoff mechanism under unsaturated condition ; the major fraction of surface runoff are dominated by saturated infiltration - excess runoff response , only a small fraction by return flow mechanism when soil is saturated ; c ) subsurface flow is dominated by saturated runoff mechanism , and the duration of subsurface post the rainfall end is dependent upon rather the soil properties than the rainfall characteristics ; d ) subsurface flow intensity in cultivated soil layer ( 0 ~ 20cm ) is high up to 35mm / h when rainfall intensity is up to 120mm / h , indicating the existing of macropores and pipe flow in cultivated layer
2 )耕作制下紫色土的产流主要机制是： 1 )当雨前土壤含水量未达到饱和状态时，表面产流起始时间有明显滞后现象，这与紫色土的快吸水性和较多非毛管孔隙密切相关；当雨前土壤较干燥，降雨初期雨强较大时，易形成临时相对不透水表层，表面产流峰也有明显滞后现象。 2 )表面径流的产流方式主要是超渗产流，当土壤达到饱和状态后，有四川大学博士学位论文小部分回归流发生，但主要是饱和超渗产流发生，因为紫色土的相对不透水层和其它透水障碍层不明显。 3 ）壤中流主要是饱和产流，与降雨过程有明显的滞后，而且雨停后的壤中流产流历时与降雨特征无关。 - For the soil infiltration , generally , the order of the original and stable infiltration speed from big to small is the inner , the outer space and the paludal trace , as well as layer a b . in the view of the rainfall balance of the wildwood , the canopy interception is averagely 61 . 10 % of the rainfall , the trunk runoff 0 . 80 % , the inner 38 . 10 % , the surface and the litter evapotranspiration 18 . 00 % , the surface runoff does n ' t appear in the forest , and the interflow is also very small , which is 0 . 30 % of the total rainfall ; the conflux is 21 . 10 %
原始森林的水量平衡中，林冠截留量平均占降雨的58 . 27 ，树干径流量占降雨的0 . 80 ，林内降雨占降雨的40 . 93 ，地表蒸发及地被物蒸散量占总降雨的20 . 13 ，林内很少发生地表径流，壤中流量也极少，只占总降雨的0 . 07 ；汇流量占总降雨的21 . 43 。