参照基准 meaning in English
basis of reference
benchmarking
Examples
- Applied theory and referential standard for foreign direct investment industrial choice
我国对外直接投资产业选择的适用理论和参照基准 - Whether one is talking about a specially designed portfolio to suit the special needs of a particular customer , or a unit trust type of portfolio that has multiple investor participation , most investment managers work with such a benchmark allocation of financial assets
项主要投资管理因素后厘定。无论是专门为个别客户设计的投资组合，抑或供广大投资者参与的单位信托类型的组合，大部分投资经理都会参照基准比重来投资。 - The following steps may be effective : take into account all the details related to a crime including the circumstances for discretion without regard to the concrete legal circumstances presumably ; decide abstractly the standard of punishment which should be applied to the crime ; examine the legal circumstances and adjust the said criterion
刑法规定的法定量刑情节需要一个参照基准，应在假定不考虑犯罪人的具体法定量刑情节的基础上，考虑犯罪人所有的与犯罪有关的全部犯罪细节包括酌定情节，抽象地确定这一犯罪应当适用的基准刑罚，再在此基础上，考虑量刑的法定情节，对基准刑罚进行适当的调整。 - In these methods , relativity degree solution is the method in which an ideal solution is established , the relativity degrees of evaluated solutions and the ideal solution are compared and orders are marshaled at last . affiliation degree solution is the solution in which ideal solution and ill - ideal solution are established , affiliate degrees between evaluated solutions and ideal solution are resolved by establishing a goal function and then orders of all solutions are marshaled according to measurements of affiliation degrees . gross profit solution is the solution in which both ideal solution and ill - ideal solution are considered , the differences between evaluated solutions and them a re measured according to n - dimension euclidean distance , and then gross profits are calculated
其中关联度法是首先确立一个理想方案，然后比较待评估方案与理想方案的关联度，最后根据其大小对各待评估方案进行排序；优属度法是首先确立理想方案和负理想方案，然后把各待评方案与理想方案和负理想方案的优属度为权建立一个目标函数，进而求出各待评方案与理想方案的优属度，最后根据优属度的大小对各方案进行排序；总效用法的思想是同武汉理工大学硕士学位论文时考虑理想解与负理想解二者作为参照基准，并采用n维欧几里德距离来度量任意可行解(被评估方案)与理想方案及负理想方案之间的差异，然后指导两个差异结合在一起计算被评估方案的总效用，评估的原则是总效用越大越好;嫡本是物理学中的概念，在信息理论中被借用来作为度量权重的一种方法，但也可用来评估各方案的优劣，其评估原则是嫡值越大越好。